In the Bible, to anoint means to apply oil as a sign of consecration or blessing, often for a specific purpose such as crowning a king or dedicating a priest. This act symbolizes God’s presence, empowerment, and selection for a divine mission.
Scripture
22 The Lord said to Moses,
23 “Take the finest spices: of liquid myrrh 500 shekels, and of sweet-smelling cinnamon half as much, that is, 250, and 250 of aromatic cane,”
24 and cassia, and onycha, and galbanum, sweet spices with pure frankincense (of each shall there be an equal part),
25 And you shall make of these a sacred anointing oil blended as by the perfumer; it shall be a holy anointing oil.
26 With it you shall anoint the tent of meeting and the ark of the testimony,
27 And the table and all its utensils, and the lampstand and its utensils, and the altar of incense,
28 and the altar of burnt offering with all its utensils and the basin and its stand,
29 You shall consecrate them, that they may be most holy. Whatever touches them will become holy.
30 You shall anoint Aaron and his sons, and consecrate them, that they may serve me as priests.
31 And you shall say to the people of Israel, ‘This shall be my holy anointing oil throughout your generations.
32 It shall not be poured on the body of an ordinary person, and you shall make no other like it in composition. It is holy, and it shall be holy to you.
33 Whoever compounds any like it or whoever puts any of it on an outsider shall be cut off from his people.
Exodus 30:22-33
Biblical Meaning of Anoint
In the Bible, the act of anointing holds profound theological significance, representing the setting apart of individuals for divine purposes and affirming God’s chosen authority over them. For instance, in 1 Samuel 16:13, the prophet Samuel anoints David with oil, which signifies not only his selection as king over Israel but also the empowerment of the Holy Spirit to fulfill this role. Similarly, in Exodus 28:41, Aaron and his sons are anointed to serve as priests, marking them as mediators between God and the people. This practice highlights God’s sovereign choice and the sacred responsibilities that accompany such appointments.
Anointing also conveys blessings and healing, as seen in James 5:14, where believers are instructed to call upon the elders of the church to anoint the sick with oil in the name of the Lord. This act symbolizes the invocation of God’s presence and power for restoration. Additionally, the messianic connotations of anointing point to Jesus Christ, whose name, derived from the Greek “Christos,” means “the Anointed One.” In Luke 4:18, Jesus claims to be anointed by the Spirit to proclaim good news, indicating His role as the ultimate fulfillment of the anointing concept, bringing both a physical restoration and spiritual salvation to humanity. Thus, the significance of anointing extends beyond ritual practice; it underscores a deep relational dynamic between God and His chosen, emphasizing purpose, empowerment, and the provision of divine grace in carrying out God’s mission.
The theme of anointing in the Bible extends through various contexts, each illuminating different aspects of divine purpose and grace. In the Hebrew Scriptures, anointing often serves to affirm leadership roles, as seen with the anointing of kings and prophets. For example, Elijah was instructed to anoint Elisha as a successor, showcasing the continuity of prophetic ministry and God’s ongoing work through chosen individuals (1 Kings 19:16). This act not only designated Elisha as a prophet but also established him in a lineage of service to God’s people, emphasizing that anointing is intertwined with divine calling and succession.
Furthermore, the concept of anointing is also deeply rooted in the ceremonial practices of the Temple, where holy anointing oil was used to consecrate the altar and various sacred objects (Exodus 30:26-29). This process illustrates that anointing plays a critical role in setting apart places and items for God’s glory, indicating that holiness extends beyond individuals to encompass the whole environment of worship. As such, anointing reflects God’s intent to dwell among His people and to sanctify all aspects of their communal and liturgical life. In the New Testament, the richness of the anointing metaphor continues as believers are said to be anointed by the Holy Spirit, underscoring their identity as children of God and heirs to His promises, thus expanding the understanding of anointing as a communal gift that empowers the Church for its mission in the world.
Divine Selection and Empowerment
In the biblical context, anointing often signifies God’s choice of an individual for a specific purpose or role, particularly in leadership or service. This act of anointing is not merely ceremonial; it represents the divine empowerment bestowed upon the individual to fulfill their God-given mission. This can be seen in the anointing of kings and prophets, where the anointed person is equipped with the Holy Spirit to lead and guide the people according to God’s will.
Healing and Restoration
Anointing also carries connotations of healing and restoration. In various biblical passages, anointing with oil symbolizes the act of bringing physical, emotional, or spiritual healing. This practice reflects God’s desire to restore individuals to wholeness and health, emphasizing His compassion and care for humanity. The act of anointing in this context serves as a tangible expression of God’s presence and power to heal.
Consecration and Holiness
Another significant meaning of anointing in the Bible is the idea of consecration and setting apart for sacred purposes. Anointing signifies that an individual or object has been dedicated to God and is now considered holy. This concept is evident in the anointing of priests, altars, and sacred items, which underscores the importance of purity and devotion in serving God. The act of anointing thus serves as a reminder of the call to live a life that is set apart for divine service and worship.
How to Embrace Divine Purpose and Empowerment in Faith
Embracing divine purpose and empowerment in your faith journey is a transformative experience that begins with a sincere heart and an open mind. Start by seeking a deeper relationship with God through prayer and scripture, allowing His Word to illuminate your path and reveal your unique calling. Remember, each of us is created with intention, and understanding your gifts and passions can guide you toward fulfilling that purpose. Surround yourself with a supportive community of fellow believers who can encourage and challenge you, helping you to grow in your faith. As you step out in faith, trust that God equips you with the strength and wisdom needed to fulfill His plans for your life. Embrace the journey, knowing that every step taken in faith is a step toward discovering the beautiful tapestry of purpose He has woven just for you.
Bible References to Anointing in Scripture:
Leviticus 8:10-12: 10 And Moses took the anointing oil and anointed the tabernacle and all that was in it, and consecrated them.
11 And he sprinkled some of it on the altar seven times and anointed the altar and all its utensils and the basin and its stand to consecrate them.
12 And he poured some of the anointing oil on Aaron’s head and anointed him to consecrate him.
1 Samuel 16:1-13: 16 The Lord said to Samuel, “How long will you grieve over Saul, since I have rejected him from being king over Israel? Fill your horn with oil, and go. I will send you to Jesse the Bethlehemite, for I have provided for myself a king among his sons.”
2 And Samuel said, “How can I go? If Saul hears it, he will kill me.” And the Lord said, “Take a heifer with you and say, ‘I have come to sacrifice to the Lord.’
3 Invite Jesse to the sacrifice, and I will show you what you shall do. And you shall anoint for me him whom I declare to you.”
4 Samuel did what the Lord commanded and came to Bethlehem.
5 And he said, “Peaceably; I have come to sacrifice to the Lord. Consecrate yourselves, and come with me to the sacrifice.” And he consecrated Jesse and his sons and invited them to the sacrifice.
6 When they came, he looked on Eliab and thought, “Surely the Lord’s anointed is before him.”
7 But the Lord said to Samuel, “Do not look on his appearance or on the height of his stature, because I have rejected him. For the Lord sees not as man sees: man looks on the outward appearance, but the Lord looks on the heart.”
8 Then Jesse called Abinadab and made him pass before Samuel. And he said, “Neither has the Lord chosen this one.”
9 Then Jesse made Shammah pass by. And he said, “Neither has the Lord chosen this one.”
10 Thus Jesse made seven of his sons pass before Samuel. And Samuel said to Jesse, “The Lord has not chosen these.”
11 Then Samuel said to Jesse, “Are all your sons here?” And he said, “There remains yet the youngest, but behold, he is keeping the sheep.” And Samuel said to Jesse, “Send and get him, for we will not sit down till he comes here.”
12 And he sent and brought him in. Now he was ruddy and had beautiful eyes and was handsome. And the Lord said, “Arise, anoint him, for this is he.”
13 Then Samuel took the horn of oil and anointed him in the midst of his brothers. And the Spirit of the Lord rushed upon David from that day forward. And Samuel rose up and went to Ramah.
2 Samuel 2:4-7: 4 And the men of Judah came, and there they anointed David king over the house of Judah.
5 David sent messengers to the men of Jabesh-gilead and said to them, “May you be blessed by the Lord, because you showed this loyalty to Saul your lord and buried him.
6 Now may the Lord show steadfast love and faithfulness to you. And I will do good to you because you have done this thing.
7 Now therefore let your hands be strong, and be valiant, for Saul your lord is dead, and the house of Judah has anointed me king over them.”
2 Samuel 5:1-5: 1 Then all the tribes of Israel came to David at Hebron and said, “Behold, we are your bone and flesh.
2 In times past, when Saul was king over us, it was you who led out and brought in Israel. And the Lord said to you, ‘You shall be shepherd of my people Israel, and you shall be prince over Israel.’”
3 So all the elders of Israel came to the king at Hebron, and King David made a covenant with them at Hebron before the Lord, and they anointed David king over Israel.
4 David was thirty years old when he began to reign, and he reigned forty years.
5 And David sent and gathered together the elders of Israel and the priests and the Levites.
1 Kings 1:32-40: 32 King David said, “Call to me Zadok the priest, Nathan the prophet, and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada.” So they came before the king.
33 The king also said to them, “Take with you the servants of your lord and have Solomon my son ride on my own mule, and bring him down to Gihon.
34 There let Zadok the priest and Nathan the prophet anoint him king over Israel. Then blow the trumpet and say, ‘Long live King Solomon!’
35 Then you shall come up after him, and he shall come and sit on my throne, for he shall be king in my place.
36 Benaiah the son of Jehoiada answered the king, “Amen! May the Lord, the God of my lord the king, say so.
37 As the Lord has been with my lord the king, even so may he be with Solomon, and make his throne greater than the throne of my lord King David.”
38 So Zadok the priest, Nathan the prophet, and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, and the Cherethites and the Pelethites went down and had Solomon ride on King David’s mule and brought him to Gihon.
39 Zadok the priest took the horn of oil from the tent and anointed Solomon. Then they blew the trumpet, and all the people said, “Long live King Solomon!”
40 And all the people went up after him, playing on pipes, and rejoicing with great joy, so that the earth was split by their noise.
1 Kings 19:15-16: 15 And the Lord said to him, “Go, return on your way to the wilderness of Damascus. And when you arrive, you shall anoint Hazael to be king over Syria.
16 And Jehu the son of Nimshi you shall anoint to be king over Israel, and Elisha the son of Shaphat of Abel-meholah you shall anoint to be prophet in your place.
Psalm 23:1-6: 1 The Lord is my shepherd; I shall not want.
2 He makes me lie down in green pastures. He leads me beside still waters.
3 He restores my soul. He leads me in paths of righteousness for his name’s sake.
4 Even though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil, for you are with me; your rod and your staff, they comfort me.
5 You prepare a table before me in the presence of my enemies; you anoint my head with oil; my cup overflows.
6 Surely goodness and mercy shall follow me all the days of my life, and I shall dwell in the house of the Lord forever.
Psalm 45:6-7: 6 Your throne, O God, is forever and ever. The scepter of your kingdom is a scepter of uprightness;
7 You have loved righteousness and hated wickedness. Therefore God, your God, has anointed you with the oil of gladness beyond your companions;
Isaiah 61:1-3: 1 The Spirit of the Lord God is upon me,
because the Lord has anointed me
to bring good news to the poor;
he has sent me to bind up the brokenhearted,
to proclaim liberty to the captives,
and the opening of the prison to those who are bound;
2 to proclaim the year of the Lord’s favor, and the day of vengeance of our God; to comfort all who mourn;
3 to grant to those who mourn in Zion—
to give them a beautiful headdress instead of ashes,
the oil of gladness instead of mourning,
the garment of praise instead of a faint spirit;
that they may be called oaks of righteousness,
the planting of the Lord, that he may be glorified.
Daniel 9:24-27: 24 “Seventy weeks are decreed about your people and your holy city, to finish the transgression, to put an end to sin, and to atone for iniquity, to bring in everlasting righteousness, to seal both vision and prophet, and to anoint a most holy place.”
25 Know therefore and understand that from the going out of the word to restore and build Jerusalem to the coming of an anointed one, a prince, there shall be seven weeks.
26 And after the sixty-two weeks, an anointed one shall be cut off and shall have nothing. And the people of the prince who is to come shall destroy the city and the sanctuary. Its end shall come with a flood, and to the end there shall be war. Desolations are decreed.
27 And he shall make a strong covenant with many for one week, and for half of the week he shall put an end to sacrifice and offering. And on the wing of abominations shall come one who makes desolate, until the decreed end is poured out on the desolator.
Luke 4:16-21: 16 And he came to Nazareth, where he had been brought up. And as was his custom, he went to the synagogue on the Sabbath day, and he stood up to read.
17 And the scroll of the prophet Isaiah was given to him. He unrolled the scroll and found the place where it was written:
18 “The Spirit of the Lord is upon me,
because he has anointed me
to proclaim good news to the poor.
He has sent me to proclaim liberty to the captives
and recovering of sight to the blind,
to set at liberty those who are oppressed,
19 to proclaim the year of the Lord’s favor.
20 And he rolled up the scroll and gave it back to the attendant and sat down. And the eyes of all in the synagogue were fixed on him.
21 And he began to say to them, “Today this Scripture has been fulfilled in your hearing.”
John 12:1-8: 1 Six days before the Passover, Jesus therefore came to Bethany, where Lazarus was, whom Jesus had raised from the dead.
2 So they gave a dinner for him there. Martha served, and Lazarus was one of those reclining with him at table.
3 Mary therefore took a pound of expensive ointment made from pure nard, and anointed the feet of Jesus and wiped his feet with her hair. The house was filled with the fragrance of the perfume.
4 But Judas Iscariot, one of his disciples (he who was about to betray him), said,
5 “Why was this ointment not sold for three hundred denarii and given to the poor?”
6 He said this, not because he cared about the poor, but because he was a thief, and having charge of the moneybag he used to help himself to what was put into it.
7 Jesus said, “Leave her alone, so that she may keep it for the day of my burial.”
8 For the poor you always have with you, but you do not always have me.”
Acts 10:34-38: 34 So Peter opened his mouth and said: “Truly I understand that God shows no partiality,
35 but in every nation anyone who fears him and does what is right is acceptable to him.
36 As for the word that he sent to Israel, preaching good news of peace through Jesus Christ (he is Lord of all),
37 you yourselves know what happened throughout all Judea, beginning from Galilee after the baptism that John proclaimed:
38 how God anointed Jesus of Nazareth with the Holy Spirit and with power. He went about doing good and healing all who were oppressed by the devil, for God was with him.
2 Corinthians 1:21-22: 21 And it is God who establishes us with you in Christ, and has anointed us,
22 and who has also put his seal on us and given us his Spirit in our hearts as a guarantee,
Hebrews 1:8-9: 8 But of the Son he says, “Your throne, O God, is forever and ever, the scepter of uprightness is the scepter of your kingdom.
7 Of the angels he says, “He makes his angels winds, and his ministers a flame of fire.”
James 5:13-15: 13 Is anyone among you suffering? Let him pray. Is anyone cheerful? Let him sing praise.
14 Is anyone among you sick? Let him call for the elders of the church, and let them pray over him, anointing him with oil in the name of the Lord.
15 And the prayer of faith will save the one who is sick, and the Lord will raise him up. And if he has committed sins, he will be forgiven.
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